Anti-virus software is a program designed to keep devices clean from Malware such as worms, Trojans and viruses and it is the best line of defence for cyber-dependant crimes, so it is suitable for smart devices and computer users.
For a study published between 2000 and 2016, David Maimon of the Centre for Evidence-Based Cybersecurity at Georgia State University used a study design to evaluate the potential effectiveness of anti-virus products in preventing the occurrence and progression of cyber-dependant crime. They searched 6 major academic search engines.
The findings show that scholars use several major approaches in assessing the performance of anti-virus software. Common evaluations performed in academic laboratories and advertisements are based on scanning Malware samples that have been synthesised or collected. This approach allows you to test the accuracy of your program, but it does not take into account the computer user’s manipulation of the computer. Another approach to assessing the performance of anti-virus software is to use on-demand detection tools that detect the availability of anti-virus software and all potential threats detected on your computer.
However, these studies include sample selection bias because they include computer users who have purchased only the sample scanning service to use. Another way to verify the effectiveness of anti-virus software is to use self-reports from computer users of security incidents that have occurred on their computers, as well as reports that their computers have anti-virus software. These studies are based on research methodologies and can contain many errors. The research team confirmed two studies that used clinical trials to evaluate the effectiveness of anti-virus products to detect and prevent Malware infections with computer users. The first study by Lévesque and colleagues in 2013 began to develop a successful way to evaluate anti-virus products in real-world environments, and the second study was how Malware infects computer systems, to identify the cause of the Malware infection, and thirdly, to check the system configuration. The environment in which the system is used and the behaviour of the user affects the possibility of system infection.
To achieve the study objectives, the authors accepted 50 participants on the University of Montreal campus, provided them with new laptops, and used various diagnostic tools to track the actual computer use of these participants for 4 months. Scholars conducted monthly interviews with participants and conducted a survey among the participants. The authors reported that 38% of survey participants were exposed to Malware during the 4 months of the experiment. Thus, the authors suggest that for computers without anti-virus installed, nearly a quarter of newly installed laptops were infected with Malware within a four-month trial period.
Another determination is your overall exposure to Malware infection. The authors also looked at the percentage of Malware infections that were not detected by anti-virus software during the experiment. They reported that 20% of the computers they surveyed were infected with some form of malicious software that the anti-virus software installed on them did not detect. A second study in 2016 by Lévesque and colleagues reported a large cohort study aimed at testing the efficacy of various anti-virus products in preventing and detecting Malware infections.
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